West Virginia Data Center Boom Sparks Local Zoning Conflict

West Virginia is seeing a surge in large-scale data center development, highlighted by the 1.3 gigawatt Monarch Compute Campus in Mason County. The project, which may expand to 8 gigawatts, has caused flooding and foundation damage for nearby residents, leading 60% of homeowners in one neighborhood to sell their properties to developers. Similar developments are proceeding elsewhere, including Fundamental Data's Ridgeline Facility in Tucker County.

Opposition to these projects is intensifying through groups like Tucker United, which cite environmental concerns and a lack of transparency. This conflict is exacerbated by House Bill 2014, a 2025 law that removes municipal zoning and noise ordinance authority from local governments to establish a uniform regulatory standard. The Government of West Virginia argues through its Data Economy Office that this centralization maintains the state's competitiveness.

Critics and some legislators contend that the law diverts 70% of tax revenue to the state and ignores community impacts. In response to the growing backlash, state officials are facing calls to reinstate local control over development to ensure community voices are heard during the siting process.