Taiwan Population Projected to Drop 48 Percent by 2075

The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council projects that Taiwan's population will drop to approximately 12.15 million people by 2075. This represents a decline of about 48 percent from 2026 levels and follows a peak of 23.6 million people in 2019.

Demographic data indicates a sharp contraction in the working-age population, which is expected to shrink by nearly two-thirds over the next 50 years to 5.13 million people. Meanwhile, the elderly population is projected to peak at 7.71 million by 2050 before gradually declining to 6.43 million by 2075.

This shift is expected to create severe labor shortages across the economy. Additionally, the decline complicates national defense strategies, as Taiwan relies on conscripts to counter security threats from China.