Norway Plans Mining of Europe's Largest Rare-Earth Deposit

The Government of Norway is developing a strategic plan by 2028 to exploit the Fen Complex, the largest known rare-earth deposit in Europe. Located 150 kilometers southwest of Oslo, the site contains an estimated 15.9 million tonnes of rare-earth oxides, including neodymium and praseodymium. These minerals are critical components for electric vehicles, renewable energy, and defense technology.

Rare Earths Norway, the holder of the mining rights, intends to begin extraction in the first half of the 2030s. The company proposes an underground invisible mine design to minimize surface impact. However, the project has encountered delays because the proposed processing site overlaps with an ancient forest that supports 78 endangered species.

To address these environmental concerns, the Norwegian government has assumed control of the planning process to evaluate alternative locations for surface facilities. Industry Minister Cecilie Myrseth stated that the deposit could enhance supply security for the West and Europe, which currently lacks active rare-earth mines and remains dependent on China.