Documentary Explores AI Romance Amid New Chinese Regulations

Filmmaker Chouwa Liang released the documentary Replica to examine the trend of women in China forming emotional and romantic relationships with AI companions. Using apps such as Glow and Replika, the women featured in the film seek affirmation and an escape from loneliness, marital dissatisfaction, or family guilt. Liang, who previously experienced a parasocial romance with an AI during pandemic lockdowns, presents these digital bonds as tools for self-discovery.

The phenomenon now faces regulatory pressure from the Government of China, which recently implemented laws restricting AI companion software. These regulations ban the provision of AI companions to minors, prohibit chatbots from encouraging emotional reliance, and mandate limits on excessive use to prevent emotional distress.

Liang acknowledges that the laws have good intentions but argues that AI companies must protect users in a more delicate way. She emphasizes the need for aftercare to support individuals who develop deep attachments to the software, noting that AI can cause illusions and make it difficult for teenagers to develop human connections.