China and Peru Implement Upgraded Free Trade Agreement
China and Peru enacted a protocol upgrading their free trade agreement on November 1 to expand e-commerce, supply chain, and investment rules.
The Government of China and the Government of Peru implemented a protocol upgrading their free trade agreement on November 1, 2026. The agreement, which was signed on November 14, 2024, follows negotiations that began in 2018 to modernize the original 2009 pact.
The upgrade enhances seven existing chapters of the original agreement, specifically targeting investment, intellectual property rights, and rules of origin. It also introduces five new chapters that address modern economic priorities, including global supply chains, e-commerce, competition policy, standards and conformity assessment cooperation, and the intersection of trade and the environment.
To further increase economic openness, the two nations established provisions for future negotiations regarding trade in services and negative lists for investment. The expansion follows a period of significant growth in bilateral trade, which rose from 6.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2009 to 50.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2025.
