Nigeria Threatens South Africa Over Killing of Its Citizens

The Government of Nigeria has warned South Africa that "all options remain on the table," including reciprocal diplomatic measures and a review of bilateral privileges, following the deaths of three Nigerian nationals. The crisis escalated after the June 28 deaths of Emeka Charles Iroegbu, who was allegedly killed by Tshwane Metro Police in Pretoria during a "gruesome interrogation," and Musa Yunana Joe, who was shot by unidentified gunmen in eMalahleni. Nigeria also highlighted the April 20 killing of Nnaemeka Mathew Andrew Ekpenyong, allegedly by the same police officers.

These killings occurred during a wave of anti-migrant protests in which South Africans blamed foreigners for unemployment and crime. Tensions further intensified after a South African government spokesperson allegedly issued hate speech by asking departing Nigerians to reveal where illegal drugs were hidden. In response, Nigeria has evacuated 1,130 citizens as of July 7, while Ghana and Malawi also repatriated citizens and summoned diplomats.

Nigeria alleges complicity by South African security personnel, suggesting potential state responsibility under international law. The Independent Police Investigative Directorate has launched an investigation into the police killings. Meanwhile, the South African Department of International Relations and Cooperation urged Nigeria to provide substantive proof through institutional channels rather than "public narrative." Wamkele Mene, Secretary-General of the African Continental Free Trade Area, warned that the xenophobia undermines Pan-Africanism and economic integration.