China Condemns US Section 301 Probes Over Forced Labor and Overcapacity

The Government of China has voiced firm opposition to two separate Section 301 trade investigations launched by the United States in mid-March 2026. The first probe, initiated March 11, targets 16 economies over allegations of industrial overcapacity. The second, announced March 12, investigates 60 economies, including China, for alleged failures to prohibit the importation of goods produced via forced labor.

China's Ministry of Commerce described these actions as a typical act of protectionism and unilateralism that disrupts the international economic and trade order. Beijing argued that the U.S. lacks the authority to determine overcapacity and noted that World Trade Organization panels have previously ruled that Section 301 tariffs violate international rules. In response, China lodged formal representations with the U.S., while maintaining that it has ratified 28 international labor conventions.

These tensions follow a February decision by the Supreme Court of the United States to strike down sweeping tariffs previously imposed by President Donald Trump. Despite the diplomatic friction, trade officials from both nations met in Paris on March 15 and 16 for two days of bilateral consultations. Additionally, Donald Trump is scheduled to visit China from March 31 to April 2, though he indicated the summit could be postponed due to the war in the Middle East.