French National Assembly Legalizes Assisted Dying Despite Senate Rejection

The French National Assembly approved a landmark bill on July 15, 2026, legalizing euthanasia and assisted suicide for adults with incurable, life-threatening illnesses. The measure passed with a 291-241 vote, overriding three previous rejections by the conservative-led Senate through a constitutional mechanism that grants the lower house the final word. Emmanuel Macron characterized the legislation as the fulfillment of a 2022 commitment to establish a French model for end-of-life care.

Under the law, eligible French citizens or legal residents aged 18 and older experiencing unbearable suffering may request lethal medication. The process requires a medical review, a doctor's decision within 15 days, and a mandatory two-day reflection period. While patients generally self-administer the substance, healthcare professionals may intervene for those physically unable. The law excludes individuals with severe psychiatric disorders or Alzheimer's disease.

Prime Minister Sebastien Lecornu and Senate President Gérard Larcher have referred the bill to the Constitutional Council for a compliance review. Specifically, the review will examine the reflection period, consent requirements for patients with impaired judgment, and the role of palliative care institutions.

Opposition to the bill is led by the French Bishops’ Conference and groups like Alliance Vita, who argue the law enshrines the possibility of causing death and may pressure vulnerable elderly populations. The bishops expressed concern over the lack of an institutional conscience clause for religious healthcare facilities. Meanwhile, supporters and the bill's author, Olivier Falorni, argue the law ensures patient autonomy and prevents patients from passing away before accessing their rights.