US and Israel Strike Iranian Nuclear Sites as Conflict Spreads

The United States and Israel executed a large-scale military campaign against Iran beginning February 28, 2026, culminating in massive airstrikes on March 29 and 30. The Israel Defense Forces targeted approximately 40 sites, including the Khondab heavy water production plant near Arak, which the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed was severely damaged and rendered inoperable. These strikes, part of Operation Rising Lion, also hit weapons research facilities in Natanz, Fordow, and Isfahan, as well as military industries in Tehran. The conflict has resulted in more than 1,340 Iranian deaths, including former Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Iran retaliated by launching ballistic missiles and drones against critical infrastructure in Kuwait, striking a military base and a power and water desalination plant. The attack on the plant killed one Indian national and caused extensive structural damage. Iran also struck a chemical plant in Israel's Ne'ot Hovav industrial zone, while Houthi rebels in Yemen launched additional strikes against Israel. In response to the escalation, the Israel Defense Forces eliminated Alireza Tangsiri, the commander of the IRGC Navy.

President Donald Trump has threatened to target Iranian civilian infrastructure to force a capitulation and is considering the seizure of Kharg Island to control oil exports. Meanwhile, UN-affiliated diplomat Mohamad Safa resigned following allegations that the UN was preparing for the potential use of nuclear weapons in Iran.