Iran Rejects US Ceasefire Proposals as Global Tensions Escalate

The military conflict between a coalition led by the United States and Israel against Iran has entered its 12th day, marked by the death of Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and the installation of Mojtaba Khamenei. Donald Trump and the Israeli government have targeted Iran's nuclear program and missile launchers, with Trump weighing a declaration of victory. However, the Iranian government rejected two ceasefire proposals delivered by envoy Steve Witkoff, with Speaker Mohammed Ghalibaf stating the country is not seeking a ceasefire and promising proportionate retaliation.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz expressed deep concern over the lack of a joint plan to end the war, warning that the conflict could lead to the dissolution of Iran's statehood and cause global instability through rising fuel prices and migration. To address the crisis, German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul held emergency talks with Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar in Jerusalem.

While Israeli President Isaac Herzog described the campaign as a historic process to weaken an empire of evil, Iran has shifted to a posture of defiance. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps has effectively closed the Strait of Hormuz, threatening to block vessels associated with aggressors. Iran now demands a permanent deal including a U.S. guarantee against future attacks. At the United Nations, over 80 nations are expected to sponsor a resolution condemning Iranian attacks on Gulf States.